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Outline

1	Ocular exam in small animal practice James M Clinton, VMD DipACVO www.animaleyeclinic.us Medford, NJ
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6	Menace response
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8	Tracking Response (Cotton Ball Test)
9	Light Perception (Dazzle Response)
10	"Light Perception/Dazzle response" Light Perception/Dazzle response: sub cortical: Even decerebrate animals have blind reflex to light Mediated by a direct optic nerve afferent subcortical imput to the supraotic nuclei (ie hypothalamus) and superior colliculi. ►afferent fibers to facial nuclei.
11	Maze Testing If eye appears normal, or insignificant cataract – but owners report poor vision. Normal light Obstacles (chairs and cones) note if patient can negotiate Dark adaptation Obstacles (chairs and cones) note if patient can negotiate – Sensitive test for nyctalopia (night blindness)
12	Maze Testing
13	Visual Cliff Testing
14	Bilateral retinal detachment
15	The ElectroRetinoGram (ERG) The only objective way to assess retinal function in animals. Commonly used: Pre-cataract surgery testing of retinal function. Retinal testing of purebred young dogs, which may be used for breeding. Diagnosis in sudden blindness (amaurosis).
16	The ElectroRetinoGram (ERG)
17	The ElectroRetinoGram (ERG)
18	The ElectroRetinoGram (ERG)
19	The ElectroRetinoGram (ERG)
20	The ElectroRetinoGram (ERG)
21	The ElectroRetinoGram (ERG)
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24	Anisocoria
25	Anisocoria
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27	HORNER’S SYNDROME (sympathetic denervation)
28	HORNER’S SYNDROME (pharmacological testing)
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